GRAMMAR - Nominative Case - Male Personal Plurals
In the last lesson we looked at specific groups of people - doctors, lawyers, managers, etc. - that are all male, male and female or where we don't know the specific gender make up of the group.
This group is also treated separately in the Nominative case. Our aim is to soften the ending of the noun and this is often done by adding an 'e'
- A doctor - Lekarz
- Doctors - Lekarze
So how would you say:
- Cooks -
- Writers -
And thinking back to an earlier lesson, how would you say these phrases which you might need for internet searches:
- Doctors in Lublin -
- Writers in Warsaw -
Nouns that end 'z' (like 'lekarz', 'kucharz', etc) will all end 'ze' in the Nominative case for plurals. Other nouns follow a number of rules:
- A lawyer - Prawnik
- Lawyers - Prawnicy
- A manager - Menedżer
- Managers - Menedżerowie
These need to be learnt as separate words as the rules for softening the endings are almost as many as the words!
So how would you say:
- Lawyers in Lublin -
- Managers in Warsaw -
Adjectives ends also have to be softened. The most common are 'zy' or 'i' endings
- Good doctors in Warsaw - Dobrzy lekarze w Warszawie
- New lawyers in Krakow - Nowi prawnicy w Krakowie
- Bad managers in Lublin - Źli menedżerowie w Lublinie
Again the softening rules are many so, to start with, learning the 'soft' version of the most common adjectives is the best way forward.
Heads Up!
You need to be aware of this group of plural nouns because you will hear them and see them in written Polish probably more than you will actually need them in your own written and spoken Polish.
As usual don't be too obsessed about getting this right straight away. If you say 'nowszy' you will be wrong but everyone will understand you ... and be quite impressed that you actually know it's not 'nowy'!
Also remember that if we use 'They are' (not 'there are') we are in the Locative case just as we are for 'Jestem':
- They are good doctors - Są dobrymi lekarzami
Adjectives and their cases
Click and drag these adjectives to their correct case.
Drag and drop all the dark blue boxes to their correct locations
Make sure your sound is turned on to hear the audio during this exercise
Match these translations of genetive phrases
Tap on each pair to make them disappear.
Make sure your sound is turned on to hear the audio during this exercise
Think out the Polish
Practice the sentences from the lesson.
Make sure your sound is turned on to hear the audio during this exercise
Doctors | |
Cooks | |
Writers | |
Doctors in Lublin | |
Writers in Warsaw | |
Lawyers | |
Managers | |
Lawyers in Lublin | |
Managers in Warsaw | |
Good doctors in Warsaw | |
New lawyers in Krakow | |
Bad Managers in Lublin | |
In Warsaw there are clever lawyers | |
In Lublin there are good cooks | |
In Krakow there are good writers | |
In Warsaw there are bad doctors | |
In Warsaw there are old writers | |
In Krakow there are bad lawyers | |
In Lublin there are good managers | |
Refresher
Revise earlier words and phrases to keep them fresh! Match the Polish and Engish below
Make sure your sound is turned on to hear the audio during this exercise
Tick all the words which are perosnal make plural nouns in the Nominative Case
Tick all of the boxes you believe are correct