Learn Polish - English words ending 'tional'
Here's another great transfer rule - how to flip English words that end 'tional' into Polish
Here is how we say 'optional' in Polish.
- Optional - Opcjonalny
There are two steps here
- The word ends 'al' so we add 'ny' in the way we are already familiar with.
- We replace 'ti' with 'cj' - Opcjonalny
You can also visually imagine it this way.
- The word ends 'al' so we add 'ny' in the way we are already familiar with.
- Knock the top of the 't' to make it a 'c' and stretch the i into a j - Opcjonalny
Listen to these words in Polish and repeat them out loud to get familiar with the 'cj' pronounciation
- Emotional - Emocjonalny
- Rational - Racjonalny
- Conventional - Konwencjonalny
- Functional - Funkcjonalny
- Exceptional - Ekscepcjonalny
Note how 'x' is handled in 'Exceptional'. It is written as it is said.
And here are two more easy to learn words!.
- Sport - Sport
- Telephone - Telefon
Heads up!
We've already seen in 'asystent' that the 'i' used in English is replaced with a 'y' to match better how it is actually spoken. Here's another example
- Institutional - Instytucjonalny
This word is used heavily because of that often discussed topic:
- Institutional racism - Rasizm instytucjonalny
I think (that) ....
Try matching the English and Polish phrases below. We'll be covering 'I think (that)' in more detail soon
Make sure your sound is turned on to hear the audio during this exercise
Think out the Polish
We get the Polish for many English words ending 'tional' by:
- Knocking the top of the t to make it 'c'
- Stretching the i onto a 'j'
- Adding 'ny' to the end
So translate the English words below into Polish.
(Answers are case sensitive!)
Make sure your sound is turned on to hear the audio during this exercise
Optional | |
Irrational | |
Institutional | |
Functional | |
Emotional | |
Rational | |
Conventional | |
Exceptional | |
Think out the Polish sentences
OK - let's put these new words into useful sentences.
Translate the English words below into Polish.
(Answers are case sensitive! - use English word ordering)
Make sure your sound is turned on to hear the audio during this exercise
Is it a conventional sport? | |
Is it a instytucjonalny rasizm? | |
No, it's not a functional telephone | |
Is it an optional product? | |
It is an irrational report | |
It's an institutional problem | |
Yes, it is an emotional report | |
No, it's not a rational report | |
Yes, it is an emotional subject | |
It is a functional car | |
Is it an emotional crisis? | |
It is an institutional crisis | |
It is a conventional bank | |
Do you remember?
What is the Polish word for 'telephone':
Select the correct answer from the following:
Refresher
Revise earlier words and phrases to keep them fresh! Match the Polish and Engish below
Make sure your sound is turned on to hear the audio during this exercise